Dengue virus belongs to the family flaviviridae, a group of approximately 70 viruses, of which 30—6 commonly—have been associated with human disease. These are: dengue, yellow fever, West Nile encephalitis, St. Louis encephalitis, Japanese encephalitis, and tick-borne encephalitis. All are single-stranded RNA viruses that share common envelope proteins; which produces significant cross-reactivity.
Dengue virus has 4 subtypes, and infection with one subtype produces lifelong immunity to that subtype only.
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-- Burke A. Cunha, MD, Diane Johnson, MD, Brian McDermott, DO
This article was originally published in the April 2009 issue of The American Journal of Medicine.
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